Opresión Digital vs. Cultura Libre
"Cultura Libre", "Código Abierto", "Neutralidad Tecnológica", "Derechos Digitales" ... ¿de qué se trata todo esto? ¿qué es lo que quieren estos frikis?
Como plantea la gente del Open Rights Group, los políticos y los medios informativos no siempre entienden las nuevas tecnologías, pero comentan y legislan de todas formas. El resultado es periodismo mal informado y leyes que producen retrocesos sociales y tecnológicos. Por otra parte el público, a menudo por desconocimiento o desinformación, otras veces por creer que estos son problemas para frikis, no se dan cuenta de cómo la mala información y las malas leyes los afectan.
Para mí, los desafíos principales están relacionados con la libertad de expresión, la promoción de la innovación, el desarrollo de la cultura y la ciencia, los derechos del consumidor, la privacidad de los ciudadanos y la transparencia de los gobiernos. Esta es mi visión personal del asunto, no necesariamente la del resto de los MM.
La libertad de expresión y otras libertades civiles pueden y deben preservarse y extenderse en el mundo digital. El correo electrónico, los blogs y en general el periodismo ciudadano están transformando el mundo y otorgando el poder de crear opinión a los propios ciudadanos. Esta oportunidad no sirve de nada si los gobiernos censuran o permiten que los privados censuren, como sucedió cuando la Secta de la Cientología logró usar la DMCA de EEUU para que Google quitara enlaces a información sobre las creencias de la secta.
La promoción de la innovación es central para el progreso y para el desarrollo económico. Por eso, muchos sistemas legales incluyen derechos de patentes, diseñados para promover la innovación al otorgar un monopolio breve sobre los derechos de explotación de las invenciones útiles. En una completa corrupción del sistema, en los últimos años este monopolio no es ni breve ni sobre invenciones útiles, y se usa simplemente como una herramienta para litigación que frena la innovación y da origen a la tragedia de los anti-comunes.
El desarrollo de la cultura y la ciencia siempre han sido procesos colaborativos, que se han beneficiado de la existencia de una base común de conocimiento compartido y abierto. La herencia cultural del mundo entero se ha construido mediante la interacción de creaciones provenientes de distintas fuentes. El proceso científico en sí, simplemente no es compatible con el secretismo ni con el aislamiento. El desarrollo tecnológico requiere interoperatibilidad y neutralidad tecnológica. La educación requiere un acceso irrestricto al mejor material educativo que se pueda construir. Los avances tecnológicos, médicos, culturales de los que disfrutamos surgieron en un contexto abierto y herramientas nuevas como las licencias Creative Commons permiten hacer crecer este acervo.
Los derechos del consumidor están siendo reducidos en la era digital por lobbies muy poderosos que han inclinado la balanza en favor de grandes empresas, y en contra de la mayoría de los consumidores. Iniciativas como Un Trato Justo para Todos buscan mantener para los usuarios el más amplio acceso a la cultura y sus bienes, manteniendo un balance de derechos más razonable que el "balance" que proponen las empresas que explotan los derechos de autor (todo para ellos, nada para nosotros).
Finalmente, las nuevas tecnologías permiten que los gobiernos que no tienen ciudadanos conscientes y activos puedan invadir la privacidad de las personas en formas antes impensadas. En Julio de este año el gobierno de Bush le otorgó a las empresas de telecomunicaciones que les ayudaron a espiar a sus ciudadanos (por supuesto para protegerlos de la amenaza terrorista), inmunidad retroactiva por sus delitos. Afortunadamente, las mismas tecnologías permiten formas de transparencia gubernamental que hagan a los gobiernos más responsables frente a sus ciudadanos.
Personalmente, me gusta ser parte de Manzana Mecánica porque nuestra misión recoge varios de estos aspectos: Manzana Mecánica busca promover el flujo libre de la cultura, conocimiento y colaboración como aspectos fundamentales para el desarrollo de la humanidad; ayudando al público y a los tomadores de decisiones a entender y asimilar esta evolución tecnológica y social de forma beneficiosa para todos.
Fuentes: Estatutos de la FFII, Metas de ORG, Campo de acción de la EFF, Science, Wall Street Journal, Wired. Fotos: Alieness, Ewedistrict, Bre pettis, Peace, Love and Linux













Muchos temas muy importantes
Que creo que merecen un analisis detallado por parte de esta comunidad :-)
—Mig.
Manzana Mecánica: ¿Como quieres inmortalizar tu cultura?
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